MEETING DATES DATA SUPPLIED BY ISSUING COMPANIES THROUGH THE SERVICE OF CDS CLEARING AND DEPOSITORY SERVICES INC.

• = CHANGE IN PREVIOUSLY REPORTED INFORMATION % = CANCELLED MEETING; @ = ADJOURNED MEETING; A = ANNUAL; S = SPECIAL; G = GENERAL; X = EXTRA; E = EXTRAORDINARY BASE CARBON INC. Dec 22 Feb 06 S Laurentian Bank of Canada Dec 23 Feb 05 S Biomind Labs Inc. Jan 02 Feb 04 AS Boreal Gold Inc. Jan 02 Feb 06 AGS CanadaBis Capital Inc. Jan 06 Feb 12 AS Dixie Gold Inc. Dec 09 Jan 22 A Giyani Metals Corp Jan 02 Feb 05 AGS GoldHaven Resources Corp. Dec 30 Feb 03 A Hertz Energy Inc Dec 29 Feb 06 A Infinico Metals Corp. Dec 29 Feb 12 AGS Kua Investments Inc. Dec 05 Jan 09 A Kubera Gold Corp. Jan 02 Feb 10 AS LFNT Resources Corp. Dec 30 Feb 13 A Labrador Gold Corp. Jan 15 Feb 24 AGS Lithium South Development Corp Jan 05 Feb 19 AGS MINDBIO THERAPEUTICS CORP. Jan 02 Feb 18 A Marvel Biosciences Corp. Dec 29 Feb 10 AS MegaWatt Lithium and Battery M*Dec 03 Jan 30 A Minnova Corp Jan 02 Feb 09 AS NOA Lithium Brines Inc. Dec 30 Feb 10 AGS Perisson Petroleum Corporation Dec 29 Feb 12 AS Postmedia Network Canada Corp Dec 29 Feb 24 AGS Promino Nutritional Sciences I Jan 02 Feb 12 A Red Lake Gold Inc. Dec 09 Jan 22 AS SSC Security Services Corp. Dec 31 Feb 10 AGS Surface Metals Inc. Jan 02 Feb 06 A Transcontinental Inc. Dec 23 Feb 02 S Transition Metals Corp. Jan 02 Feb 18 AS Vision Lithium Inc. Dec 24 Jan 30 AGS Vitreous Glass Inc. Dec 29 Feb 05 AGS XR Immersive Tech Inc Dec 23 Feb 19 AS RECORD MEETING TYPE DATE DATE RECORD MEETING TYPE DATE DATE RECORD MEETING TYPE DATE DATE RECORD MEETING TYPE DATE DATE RECORD MEETING TYPE DATE DATE MONDAY, DECEMBER 15, 2025 | THE GLOBE AND MAIL G B9 GLOBE INVESTOR REPORT ON BUSINESS | I t’s one of the oldest pieces of investing advice: Don’t invest in things you don’t under- stand. Whether it’s private mortgag- es, leveraged ETFs, structured notes, or “infinite banking,” this is not a moral judgment. It is tried- and-true risk management – which happens to look a lot like common sense. Crypto deserves the same treatment. A paper published recently in The Journal of Consumer Affairs introduces something called the Crypto Literacy Scale in an at- tempt to measure what people ac- tually know about how crypto works. Deploying the quiz to more than 500 respondents representa- tive of the general population in the United States yielded an aver- age score of 41 per cent. Shocking- ly, nearly 15 per cent of people failed to identify a single correct answer on the multiple-choice quiz. A 2023 report published by the Ontario Securities Commission found an average crypto asset knowledge score of 56 per cent for Canadians using a different quiz. According to a 2023 CFA Institute report, 57 per cent of Canadian Gen Z investors owned crypto. Earlier this year I wrote about how investors who hold crypto are not only associated with high- er anxiety, but the psychological benefits of holding emergency funds are also diminished. Put this all together and crypto invest- ments represent a real concern from a financial well-being per- spective. This is not an argument as to whether or not crypto (and every- thing that falls under that um- brella term) is a good investment. It is about the gap between how easy it is to buy crypto-related as- sets and how poorly the majority of people understand the very ba- sics of the crypto world. And when a gap between ac- cess and knowledge exists, two things flourish: bad decisions and bad actors. Even if you’ve never touched crypto and plan to keep it that way, this may still be your prob- lem. Scammers don’t care about your investment philosophy. They care about your confusion. That can be exploited. A fake wallet-support e-mail or a slick “investment coach” on so- cial media needs only one thing: a victim who doesn’t know what questions to ask. Even credible online personalities suffer from impersonators who create fake accounts to reel in the unwary. It’s a minefield. (I have an impersonator on TikTok who has more followers than my actual account. My fol- lowers send me screenshots of their attempts to sell them crypto or entice them into various scams through direct messages, and yet try as I might, TikTok has refused to ban those accounts.) The world of crypto is unusual- ly unforgiving. A mistaken trans- fer can be permanent. A compro- mised key can be catastrophic. The consequences of ignorance arrive faster than they do in the traditional financial system. However, it should be pointed out that having high crypto litera- cy does not mean you should in- vest in crypto. It merely means you are better equipped to make an informed choice if you decide to. It is the difference between walking into a casino with no knowledge of how gambling works versus walking into a casi- no after reading the rules, under- standing the odds, and setting a strict limit. If someone wants to explore crypto exposure, the same old disciplines still apply. Diversifica- tion. Position sizing. Skepticism toward hot tips and promises of guaranteed returns. And humili- ty. The traditional financial ser- vices industry is now becoming better equipped to address ques- tions about how crypto may or may not fit into a financial plan and investment policy statement. There are securitized products that trade on stock exchanges that offer ways to access the cryp- to world with the oversight and regulation the early proponents of decentralized financial sys- tems abhorred. Ironic, but that means there are professionals who can now provide guidance that investors could turn to. Again, that doesn’t mean crypto is prudent for every- one. It just respects the reality that Do-It-Yourself investing is more likely to work when you also “know yourself,” including your limitations. Crypto literacy is starting to look less like a niche knowledge domain and more like a basic con- sumer protection need. We al- ready accept that financial litera- cy is a public good. We want Cana- dians to understand interest rates, inflation, and the cost of debt. Crypto literacy may be head- ed in the same direction, not be- cause everybody should buy dig- ital assets, but because everyone is now within easy reach of digital asset scams and missteps. The most dangerous phrase in investing has always been “this time it’s different.” Crypto fans use it to justify optimism. But “if you don’t understand it, don’t in- vest in it” is still good advice. Crypto just raises the penalty for ignoring it. Crypto literacy won’t make you rich, but it can stop you from losing money PREET BANERJEE OPINION Creator of YourMoneyDegree.com, a modern financial literacy program with an AI companion app P oor service and high fees are among the most common reasons for wanting to leave a financial adviser, but people of- ten stay longer than they would to like because of roadblocks. If you feel stuck, invest some time in the process and you’ll find that the hurdles are actually quite sur- mountable. WHERE ELSE DO YOU GO? The big challenge is figuring out where else to invest. You can find a new adviser, invest on your own or use a robo-adviser. If you don’t want to move your money to another financial insti- tution, you could ask for a differ- ent adviser with the same firm and hope that someone else will give you better service. You could also search out a new adviser else- where. And remember, you could go with an independent money manager, a firm that is not affiliat- ed with a bank or a mutual fund company. Managing your own invest- ments is also an option, and it’s actually quite easy. A portfolio of exchange-traded funds, or ETFs, is simple to set up and requires little monitoring. Even easier is owning an all-in-one ETF, which does the job of picking individual ETFs for you. True, you won’t have anyone to call for investing advice or hand holding when the market goes in- to a tailspin, but you will save a bundle in fees and feel in control of your investments. You could also look to a robo- adviser. Although you won’t have a personal, one-on-one relation- ship with someone, a robo-advis- er will choose your investments for you and place your trades. With a modest amount of up- front work – opening accounts, answering a questionnaire and re- questing a transfer – you can set up your accounts in a way that re- quires no work on an ongoing ba- sis. HOW DO YOU SEVER THE RELATIONSHIP WHILE STILL FEELING GOOD? Despite the poor service, it’s pos- sible that you like your financial adviser as a person. It’s also possi- ble that you are perfectly happy with the service but want to stop paying the high fees. When you have a long-term relationship, it can be hard to tell them you want out. While it’s kind to think about someone’s feelings, you need to look out for yourself. Your money is too important to be compro- mised by paying fees without val- ue. You can choose to skip the diffi- cult conversation with your advis- er and leave quietly by simply re- questing a transfer of your ac- counts through your new broker or adviser and letting them break the news. If you do want to be upfront with them, explain that you have found another investment solu- tion that is better suited to your needs and thank them for their work over the years. Trust me, they’ll get over it. When it comes down to it, being a financial advis- er is a business, not a friendship. COST OF SELLING THE INVESTMENTS If you’ve been with your adviser for years, you’ve likely made mon- ey on your investments. When the value of your stocks and mutual funds goes up, you’ve got a capital gain. Capital gains are great, but you’ll need to pay income tax on those gains when you sell the in- vestments. This can be a road- block to moving your money. Any investments that are sit- ting in an account that offers tax sheltering or tax deferral, like a registered retirement savings plan (RRSP), tax-free savings ac- count (TFSA) or registered educa- tion savings plan (RESP), are easy to deal with. That’s because you don’t pay tax on any capital gains when you sell investments in those ac- counts. The non-registered assets are problematic, since you might have to sell your holdings, which triggers a tax bill. Some assets you hold with an adviser can be transferred to a new provider, but it depends on what the investment is and where you are moving to. Stocks, ETFs and some mutual funds can be held in online bro- kerage accounts, but other types of funds, like those managed by the firm the adviser works for, cannot be moved. You will have to sell these and transfer the cash over. When switching to a robo-ad- viser, you will be liquidating your portfolio and building a new one from scratch, so everything will have to go. If you are moving to a new adviser, there is a pretty good chance they will want to change what you own, but they can help you figure out the tax impact of what and when to sell. While no one likes to pay taxes, it shouldn’t be the reason you stay with an adviser you aren’t happy with. Finding the best place to keep your investments is time well spent, especially as we head into a new year. It’s short-term pain for long- term gain. Why roadblocks shouldn’t stop you leaving your financial adviser ANITA BRUINSMA OPINION Toronto-based certified financial planner at Clarity Personal Finance ‘T is the season for Ebenezer Scrooge to strut the stage once again. It might be why a “Bah! Humbug!” came to mind when rebalancing the Divi- dend Monster portfolio. The portfolio was recently found to have performed better when rebalanced annually (at the end of October) rather than monthly. The result was unex- pected because momentum- based strategies, like the one used by the Dividend Monster, usually produce weaker returns when they’re refreshed less frequently. Before exploring the issue, it’s useful to update the portfolio’s long-term return record. It gained an average of 16.1 per cent annual- ly over the 26 years through to the end of November, 2025, when re- balanced monthly. In compari- son, the Canadian stock market, as represented by the S&P/TSX Composite Index, climbed by an average of 8.5 per cent annually over the same period. (The re- turns herein are based on back- tests using data from Bloomberg. They include dividend reinvest- ment but not fund fees, taxes, commissions or other trading costs. The portfolios are equally weighted.) The Dividend Monster picks stocks by starting with the largest 300 on the Toronto Stock Ex- change by market capitalization. It then focuses on the half of divi- dend payers with the highest divi- dend yields before selecting the 10 stocks with the highest returns over the prior six months. As a re- sult, it picks stocks with generous yields that have performed well in recent times. Many investors prefer to reba- lance their portfolios quarterly or annually rather than monthly be- cause doing so requires less effort and lowers trading costs. Investors who opt for quarterly rebalancing might do so at the end of each calendar quarter (March, June, September, and De- cember) or they might shift their rebalancing efforts by a month or two, which leads to three varia- tions on the quarterly theme. The three quarterly rebalanced portfolios sport average annual returns of 15.3, 16.9, and 13.8 per cent over the 26 years to the end of November, October and Septem- ber of 2025 respectively. (The mar- ket index climbed at average an- nual rates of 8.5 per cent, 8.5 per cent, and 8.6 per cent over the same periods.) The best performance came from the portfolio that was reba- lanced at the end of October, July, April and January. The situation becomes more dramatic for an- nually rebalanced portfolios. The accompanying graph shows the Dividend Monster portfolio’s av- erage annual outperformance, in comparison to the market index, over the 26 years through to the end of each month in 2025. (Ex- cept for December which uses gains over the 26 years through to the end of December, 2024.) The best performance was achieved by the portfolio that was rebalanced at the end of October each year. It gained an average of 16.6 per cent annually through to the end of October, 2025, while the market index advanced by an av- erage of 8.5 per cent annually over the same period. The portfolio beat the index by nearly 8.2 per- centage points a year. On the other hand, the worst showing was seen when the port- folio was rebalanced at the end of February. It gained an average of 10.6 per cent annually over the 26 years to the end of February, 2025, while the market index climbed at an average annual rate of 8.3 per cent. The portfolio beat the index by a little over 2.3 percentage points a year. The idea of buying predomin- antly in the fall worked well when applied over the past 26 years or so. But it seems likely that luck played a pretty big role in the out- come. Instead, investors might try to benefit from longer holding peri- ods by dividing their money into twelfths and investing a portion each month. That way they won’t suffer as much as they would have by rebalancing it all in what turns out to be a bad month. For in- stance, one might build up a port- folio of, say, 12 stocks by buying a new stock each month with the intention of holding it for a year. (I’ll leave the exploration of re- balancing using different starting weeks, or days, for another time.) With a little luck, the Dividend Monster will continue to fare well over the long term but investors should be aware that seemingly small changes to it might lead to substantially different outcomes. When to rebalance dividend-focused portfolios Dividend Monster portfolio was recently found to have performed better when rebalanced annually rather than monthly NORMAN ROTHERY OPINION PhD, CFA, is the founder of StingyInvestor.com Rebalancing the Dividend Monster Average annual outperformance (pp), by rebalancing month 2 4 6 8 Jan. Feb. March April May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. THE GLOBE AND MAIL, SOURCE: BLOOMBERG